🌱 Non-Stimulant ADHD Medications


(Atomoxetine & Alpha-2 Agonists)


What they are:

Non-stimulant ADHD meds are options for kids who don’t tolerate stimulants well, have certain heart or tic conditions, or need 24-hour coverage (including evenings).

Two key groups:

1. Atomoxetine (Strattera) – an SNRI-like medicine

2. Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists – guanfacine (Intuniv) and clonidine (Kapvay)


How they work:

• Atomoxetine boosts norepinephrine in brain pathways for attention and impulse control.

• Alpha-2 agonists calm overactive brain circuits by stimulating specific receptors that reduce “fight or flight” output, helping with hyperactivity, impulsivity, and emotional storms.


Uses in children & teens 🧸

• ADHD (alone or added to stimulants)

• Alpha-2 agonists are also used for:

• Sleep problems in ADHD

• Tics or Tourette syndrome

• Irritability in autism, in some cases


Evidence & stats 📊

• Guanfacine XR and clonidine XR are FDA-approved for ADHD in children.

• Studies show guanfacine helps reduce hyperactivity, impulsivity, and oppositional symptoms, and has lower abuse potential than stimulants.


Common side effects:

• Sleepiness or fatigue (especially with clonidine)

• Low blood pressure, dizziness, or slow heart rate

• Headache or dry mouth

• For atomoxetine: possible nausea, decreased appetite, or mood changes


Safety notes ⚠️

• Alpha-2 meds should never be stopped suddenly, as blood pressure can spike; they must be tapered under a doctor’s guidance.

• Atomoxetine carries a similar suicidality warning to SSRIs in children and teens. Families should monitor for mood or behavior changes.


References (Non-stimulants):

• Neuchat, E. E., et al. (2023). Role of Alpha-2 agonists in ADHD. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health.

• Bidwell, L. C., et al. (2010). Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors and ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders.