🌸 Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)


Overview:

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition where a child or teen becomes obsessed with one or more perceived flaws in their appearance — things that may be minor or invisible to others. To the child, these “flaws” feel overwhelming and distressing. The disorder often causes anxiety, shame, and social withdrawal.


While some children may express self-consciousness as they grow, BDD goes beyond normal appearance concerns — it interferes with their ability to attend school, make friends, or participate in daily life.


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Common Focus Areas in Youth 👁️

• Skin (acne, scars, complexion)

• Hair, teeth, or nose shape

• Body size, muscle tone, or symmetry

• Overall “ugliness” or feeling “deformed”


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How Common Is It? 📊

• Studies estimate BDD affects 1.7–2.4% of the general population (Phillips, 2009).

• Among adolescents, prevalence is around 1–2%, and it tends to start between ages 12–13 (Veale & Neziroglu, 2020).

• Nearly 80% of those affected report that symptoms began before age 18.


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What Families Might Notice 💭

• Constant mirror checking or total avoidance of mirrors

• Repetitive questions like, “Do I look weird?”

• Hiding body parts with clothing or makeup

• Avoiding photos, video calls, or social events

• Spending excessive time comparing themselves to others online

• Feeling hopeless, sad, or even having self-harm thoughts in severe cases


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Why It Happens:

BDD is influenced by genetics, brain chemistry, trauma, bullying, and perfectionism. In the digital age, social media filters and unrealistic beauty standards play a major role in triggering or worsening symptoms.


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How Families Can Help 🌷

• Reassure your child that their feelings are valid, even if you don’t see the flaw.

• Avoid dismissing the concern — focus on how they feel, not on whether the flaw “exists.”

• Model positive body talk about yourself and others.

• Reduce mirror time or “selfie scrolling” sessions gradually.

• Encourage professional help: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is highly effective, and some teens benefit from SSRIs (medications that help obsessive thoughts).


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References:

• Phillips, K. A. (2009). Understanding Body Dysmorphic Disorder: An Essential Guide. Oxford University Press.

• Veale, D., & Neziroglu, F. (2020). Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Treatment Manual. Wiley-Blackwell.

• National Institute of Mental Health. (2022). Body Dysmorphic Disorder Statistics.Retrieved from www.nimh.nih.gov